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L t e e h s s t e e h S 2 R H u ML m R LU .T TuD 0 W (NoModeL) No.491,941. Patented Feb. 14,1893.

IJV'VENTOR Dams PETERS on. Pnov (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Shet 2.

- L. L. HILL. WOOD TURNING LATHE.

N0. 491,941. Patented Feb. 14', 1893.

$1 a; l: a I 5 ,1 Q I! ti 1 Wag x Q #1 a N a *d z g H m N} N R} u o W]TJV'ESSES LYMAN L. HILL, OF'BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO HENRYBRADLEY, OF SAME PLACE.

ATENT I Fries.

WOOD-TURNING LATHE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 491,941, dated February14, 1893.

Application filed August 27, 1891. Serial No. 403,882. No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LYMAN L. HILL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Bridgeport, in the county of Fairfield and State ofConnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in WoodTurning Lathes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use thesame.

My invention relates to the class of lathes illustrated anddescribedinPatent No.377,617

granted to me February 7, 1888, and has for its object to still furtherimprove and perfect the operation of the machine, its manipulation bythe operator being very much simplified in my present machine, therebyincreasing its speed in use.

With this end in View I have improved the details of construction in themanner which I will now describe in connection with the accompanyingdrawings forming part of this specification, in which,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the lathe complete, a portion of the bedbeing broken away; Fig. 2, a plan View; Fig. 3, a cross section on anenlarged scale on the line was in Fig. 1 looking toward the right,showing the position of the parts after a block has been placed inposition on the centering rest ready to be,

acted upon; Fig. 4, a cross section on the line y 'y in Fig. 1 lookingtoward the right, showing the position of the parts at the completion ofthe action of the first cutter; Fig. 5, a cross section on the line y yin Fig. 1 looking toward the left, the parts being in the position theyoccupy at the completion of the action of the second cutter; Fig.6, anelevation of the second cutter detached; Fig. 7, an elevation of acompleted tool handle corresponding in outline with the cuttersillustrated; Fig. 8, a detail cross section on the line as in Fig. 1looking toward the left; Fig. 9, a detail end elevation of the operatingrod and bell crank lever which operates the belt tightening mechanism,and, Fig. is a detail plan View of the mechanism for holding thecentering rest out of operative position.

1 denotes the bed; 2, the saddle; 3, the stationary head stock; 4, thestationary head stock spindle journaled in brackets 5. 6,the movablehead stock; 7, the movable head stock spindle journaled in brackets 8;and 10, a block upon the bed having ways in which the movable head stockslides. Rotary movement is imparted to spindles4 and 7 by belts, notshown, which pass over pulleys 11 on said spindles.

12 denotes a cone pulley on spindle 4, and 13 a belt connecting saidpulley with a cone pulley 14 placed inversely thereto on a shaft 15beneath the bed. This arrangement enables me to change the speed ofshaft 15 relatively to the speed of the spindles. This shaft isjournaled in boxes 16 upon brackets 17 secured to the bed. At the innerend of shaft 15 is a worm 18 which engages a wheel 19 on a shaft 20journaledin bearings 21 supported by brackets 22 and 23 secured to thesaddle. Upon the outer face of worm wheel 19 is a cam 24. At the outerend of shaft 20 is a disk 26 havinga crank pin 27. The function of theseparts will presently be described in full.

28 denotes a centering rest carried by an arm 29 which is pivoted tobracket 22. The special shape of this centering rest is not of theessence of my invention. As handles and other small articles of thisclass are usually turned from rectangular blocks of wood the back andbottom of the rest are usually at right angles to each other as shown inthe drawings. It will be noticed (see Figs. 3 and 4) that the pivotalpoint of arm 29 is outside of a vertical line extending downward fromthe centering rest at any position it can assume, the tendency being tothrow it toward the operative position at all times, in which positionit will remain until removed therefrom in the manner presently to bedescribed. 31 is a stop projecting upward from the saddle which acts tolimit the forward movement of the rest so that it is always stopped whenjust in operative position. The block to be operated upon which I haveindicated by 32 is placed upon the centering rest, one endv thereoflying in contact with the chuck 33 of the stationary head stock. Thechuck 34 of the sliding head stock is then moved against the other endof the block by means of an L- shaped hand lever 35, the inner end ofwhich is pivoted to a bracket 25 extending outward from block 10.

3O denotes a link one end of which is pivoted to the movable head stockthe other being pivoted to the angular portion of lever 35.

In Fig. 2 I have shown a block as just engaged by the chucks. It isobvious thatfurther movement of the hand lever toward the left willcause the block to be firmly clamped and held by the chucks. As soon asmotion is communicated to the head stocks and chucks, the block will berotated thereby and will act to throw the centering rest backward out ofthe way. In order to hold the rest out of the way during the operationof turning I provide a swinging holder 36 which is pivoted to the bedand is held at its retracted position that is out of operative positionby a suitable spring 37,in the drawingsI have shown acoil spring one endof which is connected to the swinging holder, the other to the bed.

38 denotes a rod which projects inward from the movable head stock andis bent downward and inward again so as to engage swinging holder 36 andmove it forward in position to engage the centering rest and hold it outof operative position as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 10. At theengaging end of rod 38 I place a coil spring 39 which extends forwardfrom the end of the rod and is compressed by the forward movement of therod as soon as it strikes the swinging holder serving as a buffer toprevent violent contact of the rod therewith, (see Figs. 2 and 10.) Assoon as the forward movement of the slide commences rod 38 moves forwardwith it and spring 39 engages the swinging holder and is compressedthereby until the movement of the centering rest which has just beendescribed takes place. As soon as the centering rest flies backward outof the way spring 39 acts instantly to throw the swinging holder inwardin front of it as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 10 and to hold it there,it being of course understood that spring 39 is stronger than spring 37,it being simply necessary that spring 37 shall be strong enough to drawthe swinging holder backward out of the way as soon as the pressure ofrod 38 and spring 39 is relieved.

Any other form of spring may be substituted for the form shown in thedrawings, but little power being required to return the swinging holderto its normal position when the pressure of spring 39 and the rod isremoved by the backward movement of the movable head stock. In use thehead stocks and chucks are continuously in motion. The operation of thecutters is precisely the same as in my said former patent referred to.

40 denotes the first or roughing cutter which is adjustably secured to aswinging rest 41 pivoted to cars 42 on the saddle.

43 is a guard which rests against the block to be operated upon andprevents the cutter from making too deep a cut. The swinging restextends downward through an aperture in the saddle and its lower endengages cam 24 011 the worm wheel.

44 denotes a roller which I preferably use as a contact surface for therest upon the cam. The operation of this cam is to swing the rest in andout, thus throwing the roughing cutter into and out of operativeposition.

45 is a stump projecting backward from the swinging rest which comes incontact with the centeringrest after it has been thrown out of operativeposition by the rotation of the block that is being operated upon. Thisstump insures the holding of the swinging rest out of the way during theoperation of the second or finishing cutter which I will presentlydescribe. If for any reason the swinging holder should fail to act andthe swinging rest move forward during the operation of the finishingcutter, it is obvious that the cutter would become quickly ruined. Stump45, however, insures that the swinging rest shall be held out of the wayduring the entire operation of the finishing cutter.

46 denotes the finishing cutter which is carried by slide 47 moving inways 48. The line of movement of this cutter is precisely the same as inmy said former patent referred to. Motion is imparted to slide 47 bymeans of an adjustable rod 49, one end of which is pivoted to the slide,the other to crank pin 27 on disk 26. The operation of the crank pin andcam are so timed as to bring the second cutter into operation theinstant after the action of the first cutter is finished.

5O denotes a supplementary cutter secured to the slide by means of whichthe ordinary or any required ornamental lines may be placed upon thehandle.

In use belt 13 which runs over cone pulleys 12 and 14 is left soloose'that shaft 15 will not be carried until the belt is tightened. Thetightening of the belt is accomplished by means of a swinging tightener51 carrying a roller or rollers 52 which engage the belt.

53 denotes a weight upon the swinging tightener the action of which isto throw the tightener out of operative position. The tightener is swunginto operative position to tighten the belt by means of a bell cranklever 54 pivoted to the stationary head stock, one arm of said leverlying under the weight and acting to tilt the tightener when the bellcrank lever is oscillated.

In order to simplify the operation of the machine so that a singlemovement will stop or start the entire machine, I provide a sliding rod55 one end of which is connected to the bell crank lever and the otherto the movable head stock so as to be operated by lever 35. As itisnecessary that rod 55 should have oscillatory movement in the bell cranklever, I preferably connect said parts together in the mannerillustrated in Fig. 9. Rod 55 which passes loosely through an opening inthe bell crank lever is provided with agroove 56, see dotted lines Fig.9. A set screw, 57 passes through the bell crank levera portion of thebody of the screw lying in'the groove in rod 55, thus locking the bellcrank lever and rod together so that longitudinalmovement of the rodwill oscillate the bell crank lever, at the same time leaving the rodfree to oscil-- late in the lever.

58 denotes a collar on rod 55 which is locked thereto by a set screw 59,and 60 is a rod projecting outward from the collar.

61 denotes a guide which is rigidly secured to the movable head stock,the end thereof extending downward outside of the body and beingprovided with an opening 62 through which rod 55 passes freely and withanother opening 63 which is adapted to receive rod 60 when rod 55 andthe collar are oscillated.

64 denotes a hand piece which is locked to rod 55 by a set screw 65, and66 a suitable stump or projection on the edge of the bed which isengaged by the hand piece to hold the swinging tightener in operativeposition so that the motion of the pulley 12 on the spindle of thestationary head stock will be communicated by the belt to pulley 14 onshaft 15. It will thus be seen that in my present lathe after havingplaced the block in position on the centering rest, the operator isrequired to make but a single movement, to wit, the inward movement oflever 35 and then, at the completion of the turning of the handle, anoutward movement, said lever 35 acting by means of the connectionsalready described to clamp the block between the chucks which arecontinuously in rotation,

and also by means of rod 55 the belt tightener- &c. transmittingmovement to shaft 15 from which the cutters are operated. In practicethe skilled operator usually prefers to loosen set screws 59 and movethe collar far enough toward the left on shaft 55 so that when themovable head stock is moved toward the left guide 61 will slide freelytoward and over rod 55, but without moving it the slightest, and inorder that the movement of the cutters shall be continuous that is tosay that there be no stoppage in the movements of the cutters after theyhave finished the handle, the skilled operator moves rod 55 forward to aposition which oscillates the bell crank lever and swings the belttightener into operative position and then looks it there by engagingthe hand piece with stump 66 allowing the parts to remain in thisposition as long as may be required. When the latheis operated in thismanner, the operator feeds the blocks with one hand and operates lever35 with the other, it being necessary of course to operate lever 35 torelease the handle as soon as it is completed, then to place a new blockbetween the chucks and to operate lever 35 again without delay,

so as to have the new .block in position to be operated uponby theroughing cutter as soon as it is moved into operative position in themanner just described.

When the operator does not desire to have the operation of the cutterscontinuous, hand piece 64 is not engagedwith the stump and collar 58 isadjusted in such a position that when the guide moves forward with themovable head stock, it will engage the end of rod 60, and will carry rod55 forward to operate the bell crank lever and belt tightener each timethe chucks are operated, it necessarily following that if the chucks arenot operated, the belt tightener will not be operated, and motion willnot be imparted to the cutters. When the machine is being used in thismanner, should it be required to stop the motion of the cutters quicklyat any time the operator grasps the hand piece and oscillates rod 55forward until rod registers with opening 63 in the guide. The weightwill now act to swing the bell crank lever to the position shown in Fig.1 which will relievethe pressure upon the belt instantly and will stopthe rotation of shaft 15 and consequently the movement of the cutters.The movement of thc cutters may be stopped in the same manner should itbe necessary when they are being used continuously that is to say notstopped and started each time a block is put in. The operator in thiscase simply disengages the hand piece from the stump and moves rod 55toward the right. There will be in this instance no engagement of rod 60with opening 63 as the collar will have been moved far enough toward theleft on rod 55 to place rod 60 cut of operative position.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. In a lathe, thecombination with a movable head-stock, of a swinging cutter holder, ashaft for operating said holder, a-belt for driving said shaft, aswinging belt tightener, a crank lever connected with said tightener, arod 55 loosely connected with the lever, an arm 61 secured to themovable headstock, and having an eye receiving the rod 55, and suitableintermediate connections whereby the rod is carried forward when thehead stock is moved inward, substantially as described.

2. In a lathe, the combination with the movable and stationary headstocks, the centering rest and the cutters, of swinging tightener 51,bell crank lever 54 having an opening, rod 55 passingloosely throughsaid opening and having a groove, a set screw engaging the lever andgroove, movable guide 61 having an opening through which rod 55 passesand an opening 63, and a collar on rod 55 having a rod 60 adapted toengage opening 63 when the rod is oscillated.

3. In a lathe, the combination with the movable and stationary headstocks, the center- ICO ing rest and the cutters, of stump 66, guide 61having openings 62 and 63, the swinging tightener and the bell cranklever, rod 55 loosely connected to said lever and passing throughopening 62 in the guide, collar 58 having a rod 60, and hand piece 64upon the rod which is adapted to engage stump 66 to hold the parts inoperative position and to oscillate rod 55 so that rod 60 will enteropening 63 when it is desired to stop the action of IO the cutters.

In testimony whereof Iaflix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

LYMAN L. HILL.

Witnesses:

A. M. WoosTER, NELLIE A. FRAWLEY.

